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The Department of Science and Mathematics was established in September 1994. It was created through a consolidation of the expertise areas of Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Science, Computer Studies. Home Economics and Mathematics. The Department provided the focal point for the development of subject expertise, research and other scholarly activities.

In order to generate greater coherence and enterprise among cognate departments, the Department of Science and Mathematics became part of the Board of Mathematics, Science and Technology, alongside the Departments of Engineering and Technology Studies and Physical Education.

Until the 1997-98 academic year, the Department of Mathematics was formally established and separated from the original Department of Science and Mathematics. The former Department of Science and Mathematics was also renamed the Department of Science.

The Hong Kong Institute of Education (HKIEd) was founded in 1994 following the enactment of the The Hong Kong Institute of Education Ordinance in March of the same year. It was one of eight subsidised Universities under the University Grants Committee of Hong Kong.

The history of HKIEd can be traced back to 1853. St. Paul’s College introduced the first formalised program of in-service teacher training. On 25 April 1994, under the recommendation made by the Education Commission Report No. 5, HKIEd was formally established by the merger of four colleges and one institute that were governed by the Education Department of Hong Kong Government.

• Northcote College of Education, established in 1939;
• Grantham College of Education, established in 1951;
• Sir Robert Black College of Education, established in 1960;
• Hong Kong Technical Teachers’ College, established in 1974; and
• Institute of Language in Education, established in 1982.

Before the Hong Kong Institute of Education was established in 1994, the Department of Economics and Public Affairs existed within three Colleges of Education: Northcote, Grantham and Sir Robert Black.

The courses designed by this Department hoped to prepare students to teach economics and public affairs at the lower secondary school. It aimed at providing them with the knowledge, strategies techniques necessary in teaching the subject. It also helped the students to acquire a deeper understanding of Hong Kong society and its relationship with other parts of the world.

The Department of Social Studies (later renamed the Department of Social Sciences in 1998) was established in September 1994. This Department was formed by merging the Departments of Chinese History, Economics and Public Affairs, Geography, History and Social Studies from the mentioned three Colleges of Education.

The Grantham Training College was founded in September 1951 to focus on the training of primary school teachers. The College operated in the King’s College campus at Bonham Road for one year, and then moved to the Gascoigne Road premises. At that time, only 61 places were available. After completing the one-year full-time program, students could obtain a Teacher Certificate.

In 1953, the College's enrollment increased to 150 students, including 25 boarding students from the Rural Training College (a sister institution that later merged with the Grantham Training College).

In 1960, to cope with the ever-increasing needs for teacher training, the Hong Kong Government further established a third college in the site of the Lo Fu Ngam Primary School as an extension of Grantham. One year later, the new college became independent and was renamed Sir Robert Black Training College.

The Grantham Training College was renamed Grantham College of Education in 1967. By 1982, Grantham obtained an annexe – a commercial building in Mongkok. Following the recommendation by the Education Commission in its Report No. 5 (1992) and the passage of the Hong Kong Institute of Education Ordinance through the Legislative Council of Hong Kong in March 1994, five pre-existing teacher education institutions including Grantham College of Education were merged to form the Hong Kong Institute of Education on 25 April 1994. The College’s two campuses at Gascoigne Road and Argyle Centre, known as Grantham Campus I and Grantham Campus II, remained in use until the Institute moved to its new Tai Po Campus in October 1997. However, the former Grantham Campus I in Gascoigne Road was the only building retained for use as the Institute’s Town Centre, where courses for part-time students and practising teachers were operated due to its convenient location.

The Education Department was officially established in 1865 to oversee the administration, funding and development of primary, secondary and teacher education in Hong Kong.

As a core government department, it directly managed and financed the government teacher training sector, establishing Northcote College of Education (1939), Grantham College of Education (1951), Sir Robert Black College of Education (1960), the Hong Kong Technical Teachers College (1974), and the Institute of Language in Education (1982).The Department retained direct administrative and policy oversight of these five institutions until 1994, when the colleges were amalgamated into the autonomous Hong Kong Institute of Education (HKIEd).

In January 2003, the Education Department was dissolved and merged with the Education and Manpower Bureau (EMB) to streamline the government's education policy and administration.